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Let's Celebrate How Far We Have Come This Month Of February During "Black History Month"
Posted by Phoebe Macon on February 1, 2011, 3:50 am
Black History Month is a remembrance of important people and events in the history of the African diaspora. Since 1976, it is celebrated annually in the United States of America and Canada in February and the United Kingdom in the month of October. In the U.S., Black History Month is also referred to as African-American History Month.
Black History Month actually started as Negro History Week in 1926 by Carter G. Woodson. The goal of Black History Week was to educate Blacks about their cultural background, and instill in them a sense of pride in their race.
Carter Godwin Woodson
Carter G. Woodson
Born December 19, 1875(1875-12-19) New Canton, Virginia
Died April 3, 1950(1950-04-03) (aged 74) Washington, DC
Education B.Litt, Berea College (1903)
M.A., University of Chicago (1908)
Ph.D., Harvard University (1912)
Occupation Historian
Known for Founded the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Established Negro History Week.
Now called Association for the Study of African American Life and History.
(Please Feel free To share any Black History articles with us throughout this Month of February. THANKS!!)
LETTER FROM FREED SLAVE TO FORMER MASTER DRAWS ATTENTION
A newly discovered letter from a freed former slave to his onetime master is creating a buzz. Letters of Note explains that in August of 1865, a Colonel P.H. Anderson of Big Spring, Tennessee wrote to his former slave Jourdan Anderson, requesting that Jourdan return to work on his farm. In the time since escaping from slavery, Anderson had become emancipated, moved to Ohio where he found paid work and was now supporting his family. The letter turned up in the August 22 edition of the New York Daily Tribune. Some excerpts:
Sir: I got your letter, and was glad to find that you had not forgotten Jourdon, and that you wanted me to come back and live with you again, promising to do better for me than anybody else can. I have often felt uneasy about you. I thought the Yankees would have hung you long before this, for harboring Rebs they found at your house. I suppose they never heard about your going to Colonel Martin's to kill the Union soldier that was left by his company in their stable. Although you shot at me twice before I left you, I did not want to hear of your being hurt, and am glad you are still living. It would do me good to go back to the dear old home again, and see Miss Mary and Miss Martha and Allen, Esther, Green, and Lee. Give my love to them all, and tell them I hope we will meet in the better world, if not in this. I would have gone back to see you all when I was working in the Nashville Hospital, but one of the neighbors told me that Henry intended to shoot me if he ever got a chance.
On the "good chance" offered by the former slave owner:
I want to know particularly what the good chance is you propose to give me. I am doing tolerably well here. I get twenty-five dollars a month, with victuals and clothing; have a comfortable home for Mandy,—the folks call her Mrs. Anderson,—and the children—Milly, Jane, and Grundy—go to school and are learning well. The teacher says Grundy has a head for a preacher. They go to Sunday school, and Mandy and me attend church regularly. We are kindly treated. Sometimes we overhear others saying, "Them colored people were slaves" down in Tennessee. The children feel hurt when they hear such remarks; but I tell them it was no disgrace in Tennessee to belong to Colonel Anderson. Many darkeys would have been proud, as I used to be, to call you master. Now if you will write and say what wages you will give me, I will be better able to decide whether it would be to my advantage to move back again.
And then Jourdan explains that anything his former master could offer, he's already earned on his own. Other than some back wages:
As to my freedom, which you say I can have, there is nothing to be gained on that score, as I got my free papers in 1864 from the Provost-Marshal-General of the Department of Nashville. Mandy says she would be afraid to go back without some proof that you were disposed to treat us justly and kindly; and we have concluded to test your sincerity by asking you to send us our wages for the time we served you. This will make us forget and forgive old scores, and rely on your justice and friendship in the future. I served you faithfully for thirty-two years, and Mandy twenty years. At twenty-five dollars a month for me, and two dollars a week for Mandy, our earnings would amount to eleven thousand six hundred and eighty dollars. Add to this the interest for the time our wages have been kept back, and deduct what you paid for our clothing, and three doctor's visits to me, and pulling a tooth for Mandy, and the balance will show what we are in justice entitled to. Please send the money by Adams's Express, in care of V. Winters, Esq., Dayton, Ohio. If you fail to pay us for faithful labors in the past, we can have little faith in your promises in the future. We trust the good Maker has opened your eyes to the wrongs which you and your fathers have done to me and my fathers, in making us toil for you for generations without recompense. Here I draw my wages every Saturday night; but in Tennessee there was never any pay-day for the negroes any more than for the horses and cows. Surely there will be a day of reckoning for those who defraud the laborer of his hire.
And after a few more jabs about how his children are now happy and receiving an education, Jourdan concludes his letter with:
Say howdy to George Carter, and thank him for taking the pistol from you when you were shooting at me.
During February, the United States and Canada celebrate Black History Month. Officially adopted in 1976, this month of observance is a time to pay tribute to the contributions made by African-Americans, reflect on past struggles, and encourage equality today and into the future.
For Americans, black history is everyone’s history — we all have something to learn by looking back and moving forward.
Here are seven meaningful trips to help you celebrate Black History Month.
National Civil Rights Museum — Memphis
The site of Martin Luther King Jr.’s assassination. (Photo: Thinkstock)
Walking into the National Civil Rights Museum is like taking a time machine back to the 1960s. With every step, every exhibit, you are transported to a time when the fight for equality was literally life or death. The museum is centered around the actual Lorraine Motel, where civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. was gunned down in 1968. It also includes the boarding house from which his assassin, James Earl Ray, fired the shot. Visitors can explore exhibits on slavery in America, the sit-in movement, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and more.
Harlem, New York City
The Harlem Renaissance was a pivotal time for black artists and musicians.(Photo: Thinkstock)
During the 1920s and ’30s, Harlem became a cultural meeting place for black artists, writers, musicians, and photographers. The movement was called the Harlem Renaissance, and today there are many historical remnants from that time. You can stroll by the home of Langston Hughes, or visit the New York Amsterdam News— a black newspaper popular during that era. If you want to listen to jazz, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and Thelonious Monk all played at Minton’s Playhouse on 118th Street.
While you’re in Harlem, there are many locations to celebrate Black History Month. The Studio Museum displays works created by black artists, the famous Apollo theater puts on weekly shows for amateur performers, and Sylvia’s still serves up some of the best soul food in town.
If you take the 2/3 train to 116th Street or 125th Street, be sure to check out the mosaics on the walls created by Faith Ringgold, which depict influential African-Americans throughout history.
Slave quarters still stand at Boone Hall Plantation. (Photo: Boone Hall Plantation)
Located in Charleston, S.C., Boone Hall Plantation gives visitors a look at what life was like for slaves before the Civil War. Among the most startling attractions are the eight original slave quarters built between 1790 and 1810. Life-size figures, prerecorded narratives, and photos are displayed to share the hardships facing slaves. Although slavery is an ugly scar on America’s history, it’s important to educate our children about why the fight for freedom was so important.
Negro Leagues Baseball Museum — Kansas City, Mo.
The Chicago American Giants. (Photo: Negro Leagues Baseball Museum)
Baseball is America’s pastime, but for decades, black players were restricted from playing on major-league teams. As a way to fight racism, African-American players formed their own league and traveled around the U.S. playing games against one another. One player, Jackie Robinson, broke the barrier when he was recruited from the Kansas City Monarchs to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers. His story and that of dozens of other players are on display at this unforgettable museum.
National Underground Railroad Freedom Center — Cincinnati
The National Underground Railroad Freedom Center overlooking the Ohio River. (Photo: NURFC)
During slavery, thousands of slaves followed the Underground Railroad and crossed the Ohio River in search of freedom in the North. Today the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center sits on the banks of the river, overlooking the same waters that once signified impeding freedom. The center tells the story of slavery and also has resources to educate the public about modern-day slavery and human trafficking.
Motown Historical Museum — Detroit
See the place where some of your favorite musicians got their start. (Photo: AP)
Founded by Berry Gordy Jr. in 1959, Motown records provided the soundtrack for America during the civil rights movement and beyond. The black-owned label churned out stars like Smokey Robinson, the Temptations, Diana Ross, the Jackson Five, and Marvin Gaye. Today you can visit the label’s first headquarters, Hitsville U.S.A, to see iconic items like Michael Jackson’s studded white right-hand glove.
Rosa Parks Museum — Montgomery, Ala.
Rosa Parks is fingerprinted after refusing to give up her seat on a bus. (Photo: AP)
During the civil rights movement, Montgomery consistently made headlines for its activism. In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give her up seat on a bus, starting the Montgomery bus boycott, which garnered national attention. Visit the Rosa Parks Museum to learn how her bravery helped desegregate buses.
The march from Selma to Montgomery was a pivotal moment in voting rights for African-Americans; visit the Alabama State Capitol, where the march ended with protesters giving a petition to Gov. George Wallace’s secretary.
While in Montgomery, be sure to visit the Dexter Parsonage Museum, where Martin Luther King Jr. once lived and shared his message of freedom and equality. And before you leave, stop by the Freedom Rides Museum, a historic Greyhound bus station where 21 “Freedom Riders” stepped off the bus, determined to have their voices heard.
Phoebe Macon
ca. 1860's, USA. Freed slaves in Southern town shortly after the Civil War. © Bettmann/CORBIS
LETTER FROM FREED SLAVE TO FORMER MASTER DRAWS ATTENTION
A newly discovered letter from a freed former slave to his onetime master is creating a buzz. Letters of Note explains that in August of 1865, a Colonel P.H. Anderson of Big Spring, Tennessee wrote to his former slave Jourdan Anderson, requesting that Jourdan return to work on his farm.
In the time since escaping from slavery, Anderson had become emancipated, moved to Ohio where he found paid work and was now supporting his family. The letter turned up in the August 22 edition of the New York Daily Tribune. Some excerpts:
Sir: I got your letter, and was glad to find that you had not forgotten Jourdon, and that you wanted me to come back and live with you again, promising to do better for me than anybody else can. I have often felt uneasy about you. I thought the Yankees would have hung you long before this, for harboring Rebs they found at your house. I suppose they never heard about your going to Colonel Martin's to kill the Union soldier that was left by his company in their stable. Although you shot at me twice before I left you, I did not want to hear of your being hurt, and am glad you are still living. It would do me good to go back to the dear old home again, and see Miss Mary and Miss Martha and Allen, Esther, Green, and Lee. Give my love to them all, and tell them I hope we will meet in the better world, if not in this. I would have gone back to see you all when I was working in the Nashville Hospital, but one of the neighbors told me that Henry intended to shoot me if he ever got a chance.
On the "good chance" offered by the former slave owner:
I want to know particularly what the good chance is you propose to give me. I am doing tolerably well here. I get twenty-five dollars a month, with victuals and clothing; have a comfortable home for Mandy,—the folks call her Mrs. Anderson,—and the children—Milly, Jane, and Grundy—go to school and are learning well. The teacher says Grundy has a head for a preacher. They go to Sunday school, and Mandy and me attend church regularly. We are kindly treated. Sometimes we overhear others saying, "Them colored people were slaves" down in Tennessee. The children feel hurt when they hear such remarks; but I tell them it was no disgrace in Tennessee to belong to Colonel Anderson. Many darkeys would have been proud, as I used to be, to call you master. Now if you will write and say what wages you will give me, I will be better able to decide whether it would be to my advantage to move back again.
And then Jourdan explains that anything his former master could offer, he's already earned on his own. Other than some back wages:
As to my freedom, which you say I can have, there is nothing to be gained on that score, as I got my free papers in 1864 from the Provost-Marshal-General of the Department of Nashville. Mandy says she would be afraid to go back without some proof that you were disposed to treat us justly and kindly; and we have concluded to test your sincerity by asking you to send us our wages for the time we served you. This will make us forget and forgive old scores, and rely on your justice and friendship in the future. I served you faithfully for thirty-two years, and Mandy twenty years. At twenty-five dollars a month for me, and two dollars a week for Mandy, our earnings would amount to eleven thousand six hundred and eighty dollars. Add to this the interest for the time our wages have been kept back, and deduct what you paid for our clothing, and three doctor's visits to me, and pulling a tooth for Mandy, and the balance will show what we are in justice entitled to. Please send the money by Adams's Express, in care of V. Winters, Esq., Dayton, Ohio. If you fail to pay us for faithful labors in the past, we can have little faith in your promises in the future. We trust the good Maker has opened your eyes to the wrongs which you and your fathers have done to me and my fathers, in making us toil for you for generations without recompense. Here I draw my wages every Saturday night; but in Tennessee there was never any pay-day for the negroes any more than for the horses and cows. Surely there will be a day of reckoning for those who defraud the laborer of his hire.
And after a few more jabs about how his children are now happy and receiving an education, Jourdan concludes his letter with:
Say howdy to George Carter, and thank him for taking the pistol from you when you were shooting at me.
Feb 1, 2012
Phoebe Macon
Feb 1, 2014
Phoebe Macon
7 Meaningful Black History Month Trips
During February, the United States and Canada celebrate Black History Month. Officially adopted in 1976, this month of observance is a time to pay tribute to the contributions made by African-Americans, reflect on past struggles, and encourage equality today and into the future.
For Americans, black history is everyone’s history — we all have something to learn by looking back and moving forward.
Here are seven meaningful trips to help you celebrate Black History Month.
National Civil Rights Museum — Memphis
Walking into the National Civil Rights Museum is like taking a time machine back to the 1960s. With every step, every exhibit, you are transported to a time when the fight for equality was literally life or death. The museum is centered around the actual Lorraine Motel, where civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. was gunned down in 1968. It also includes the boarding house from which his assassin, James Earl Ray, fired the shot. Visitors can explore exhibits on slavery in America, the sit-in movement, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and more.
Harlem, New York City
During the 1920s and ’30s, Harlem became a cultural meeting place for black artists, writers, musicians, and photographers. The movement was called the Harlem Renaissance, and today there are many historical remnants from that time. You can stroll by the home of Langston Hughes, or visit the New York Amsterdam News — a black newspaper popular during that era. If you want to listen to jazz, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and Thelonious Monk all played at Minton’s Playhouse on 118th Street.
While you’re in Harlem, there are many locations to celebrate Black History Month. The Studio Museum displays works created by black artists, the famous Apollo theater puts on weekly shows for amateur performers, and Sylvia’s still serves up some of the best soul food in town.
If you take the 2/3 train to 116th Street or 125th Street, be sure to check out the mosaics on the walls created by Faith Ringgold, which depict influential African-Americans throughout history.
Related: Black While Traveling: What You Need to Know
Boone Hall Plantation — Charleston, S.C.
Located in Charleston, S.C., Boone Hall Plantation gives visitors a look at what life was like for slaves before the Civil War. Among the most startling attractions are the eight original slave quarters built between 1790 and 1810. Life-size figures, prerecorded narratives, and photos are displayed to share the hardships facing slaves. Although slavery is an ugly scar on America’s history, it’s important to educate our children about why the fight for freedom was so important.
Negro Leagues Baseball Museum — Kansas City, Mo.
Baseball is America’s pastime, but for decades, black players were restricted from playing on major-league teams. As a way to fight racism, African-American players formed their own league and traveled around the U.S. playing games against one another. One player, Jackie Robinson, broke the barrier when he was recruited from the Kansas City Monarchs to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers. His story and that of dozens of other players are on display at this unforgettable museum.
National Underground Railroad Freedom Center — Cincinnati
During slavery, thousands of slaves followed the Underground Railroad and crossed the Ohio River in search of freedom in the North. Today the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center sits on the banks of the river, overlooking the same waters that once signified impeding freedom. The center tells the story of slavery and also has resources to educate the public about modern-day slavery and human trafficking.
Motown Historical Museum — Detroit
Founded by Berry Gordy Jr. in 1959, Motown records provided the soundtrack for America during the civil rights movement and beyond. The black-owned label churned out stars like Smokey Robinson, the Temptations, Diana Ross, the Jackson Five, and Marvin Gaye. Today you can visit the label’s first headquarters, Hitsville U.S.A, to see iconic items like Michael Jackson’s studded white right-hand glove.
Rosa Parks Museum — Montgomery, Ala.
During the civil rights movement, Montgomery consistently made headlines for its activism. In 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give her up seat on a bus, starting the Montgomery bus boycott, which garnered national attention. Visit the Rosa Parks Museum to learn how her bravery helped desegregate buses.
The march from Selma to Montgomery was a pivotal moment in voting rights for African-Americans; visit the Alabama State Capitol, where the march ended with protesters giving a petition to Gov. George Wallace’s secretary.
While in Montgomery, be sure to visit the Dexter Parsonage Museum, where Martin Luther King Jr. once lived and shared his message of freedom and equality. And before you leave, stop by the Freedom Rides Museum, a historic Greyhound bus station where 21 “Freedom Riders” stepped off the bus, determined to have their voices heard.
Feb 2, 2016